State in which a cell is fully discharged using low current, so that the voltage falls below the final discharging voltage.

A porous divider between the positive and negative plates in a cell that allows the flow of ionic current to pass through it, but not electrical current. Separators are made from numerous materials su [..]

A type of chemical that can release hydrogen ions when mixed with water. Sulfuric acid is used in a lead-acid battery.

The porous structure of lead compounds that produces and stores electrical energy within a lead-acid battery. The active material in the positive plates is lead dioxide and that in the negative is met [..]

A type of non-woven separator material composed almost entirely of glass microfibers that absorbs and retains the electrolyte, leaving no free electrolyte in the cell to spill. VRLA batteries made wit [..]

One or more galvanic (electrochemical) cells electrically coupled into a single unit and equipped with attachments for external electrical connections.

Device supplying electrical energy to a battery.

The process of ensuring that the cells and plates within a battery are charged sufficiently for the battery to perform its desired function. Boost charging is typically done for a short duration at hi [..]

The capacity of a battery is specified as the number of amp-hrs that the battery will deliver at a specific discharge rate and temperature. The capacity of a battery is not a constant value and is see [..]

The basic electrochemical current-producing unit in a battery, consisting of a set of positive plates, negative plates, electrolyte, separators and casing. In a lead-acid battery, the cell has an open [..]