The consonant grapheme which is associated with the starting phoneme of an orthographic syllable.

The set of distinct acoustic characteristics of an acoustic signal that allows one vowel to be distinguished from other vowels. Vowel quality is characterized according to three primary dimensions, he [..]

A standard mapping of graphemes from many world languages into a 16-bit (wide) character set such that each language and all symbols have mutually-exclusive assignments. Each 16-bit Unicode code point [..]

The rendering of the written glyphs of a spoken language into a foreign writing system. This is usually achieved in a manner such that the original script can be reconstructed from the transliteration [..]

The rendering of the meaning of a sentence or phrase of one language into another language.

The rendering of the phonetics or phonemics of a spoken language into a (typically) foreign writing system. In phonemic transcription, this is done in a manner such that only semantically significant [..]

In the study of linguistic information structure, topic refers to the entity or entities that a proposition is “about.”

Rules which determine the lexical tone for a syllable based on the initial consonant class, vowel duration, tone mark (if any), and final consonant type (if any).

One of the four symbols written above a Thai syllable to modify its lexical tone.

In the thai-language.com enhanced phonemic transcription scheme used by this website, the tone with which a Thai word must be spoken is indicated by a superscripted capital letter which appears after [..]