The date on which a bond or guarantee expires.

This is when a third party buys the imbalance that has arisen on a bilateral clearing account in hard currency but at a discounted rate.

Risk of loss of an investment due to expropriation, nationalISation, or confiscation by a foreign government. This risk is typically covered by political risk insurance.

The bank instructed by the exporter/seller in the handling of collections. The remitting bank will, in its turn, instruct the collecting bank.

Those expenses incurred in the buyer’s country which are provided by the supplier. The export credit agencies do not usually finance or guarantee these costs but may do so up to 15% of the export valu [..]

The date on which final delivery is effected.

An exporter’s irrevocable commitment to repay the bank if a bond is called.

The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nat [..]

Used to facilitate international payments, this is the account of a bank with an agent or correspondent in a foreign country which is recorded in the currency of the bank’s own country.

Warehouse receipts provide evidence that specified physical assets of a creditor are being held in storage. They may be used as a form of guarantee in countertrade operations.