"Community-based participatory research (CBPR) in health is a collaborative approach to research that equitably involves all partners in the research process and recognizes the unique strengths that each brings. CBPR begins with a research topic of importance to the community and has the aim of combining knowledge with action and achieving soc [..]

is the application of institutional resources to address and solve challenges facing communities through collaboration with these communities. These resources include, for example, the knowledge and expertise of students, faculty, and staff; the institution's political position; campus buildings; and land. The methods for community engagement [..]

refers to action taken to meet the needs of others and better the community as a whole. Benjamin Barber writes that community service is an essential component of democratic citizenship. "Service to the neighborhood and to the nation are not the gifts of altruists but a duty of free men and women whose freedom is itself wholly dependent on the [..]

refers to "Services which are identified by an institution of higher education, through formal or informal consultation with local nonprofit, governmental, and community-based organizations, as designed to improve the quality of life for community residents, particularly low-income individuals, or to solve particular problems related to their [..]

After faculty have developed their dossier or portfolio, many departments and schools send out all or parts of the dossier to academic or peers in practice. These individuals then are asked to review the faculty member's documents as part of an external review process

In its broadest sense, professional service has been defined as "work based on [a] faculty member's professional expertise that contributes to the mission of the institution." Nancy L. Thomas further clarifies the idea by distinguishing five ways in which service is commonly understood in colleges and universities: service to the dep [..]

"Scholarship is demonstrated when knowledge is advanced or transformed by application of one's intellect in an informed, disciplined, and creative manner. The resulting products must be assessed for quality by peer review and made public" (pg. 888).

"Scholarship is teaching, discovery, integration, application, and engagement that has clear goals, adequate preparation, appropriate methods, significant results, effective presentation, and reflective critique that is rigorous and peer reviewed."