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Definitions (48)
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Species
A group of organisms that is capable of interbreeding to produce fertile offspring. However, this biological test of a species is not always available, so there is also a morphological species concept based on anatomical similarities.
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Accession
A collection of plant material from a particular location. An accession is assigned an identification number, which usually is preceded by the abbreviation PI (plant identification).
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Adaptation
In the evolutionary sense, some heritable feature of an individual's phenotype that improves its chances of survival and reproduction in the existing environment.
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Area of adaptation
The geographic range in which a given population will thrive, generally described in terms of elevation, temperature range, annual precipitation, and other environmental parameters, as well as in geographic terms.
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Breeder seed
The stock seed produced by the breeder or institution that developed and maintains the cultivar. Used to produce foundation seed. Not normally found in commercial channels; the originator or owner of the variety determines the procedure for producing breeder seed and controls breeder seed distribution.
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Certification
Process intended to maintain the genetic and mechanical purity and identity of commercially produced seed through all steps of production, harvesting, storage, and conditioning. The certification system involves a limited generation or pedigree system comprising four classes of seed: breeder, foundation, registered, and certified. Each class, excep [..]
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Certified seed
The progeny of foundation or registered seed, thus two or three generations removed from breeder seed. Certified seed can be used to produce only common or uncertified seed; it cannot be used to produce any other class of certified seed.
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cline
A gradual morphological or physiological change in a group of related organisms across their range, usually associated with environmental or geographic transition.
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COLLECTION
The process of locating, identifying, and harvesting generally small quantities of plant material.
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Common garden study
A scientific study in which many families of a given plant species sampled from an identified geographic area are grown in a common environment. Common garden studies generally include replications in two or more growing environments. Environmentally induced phenotypic differences between the plants are minimized, allowing observation and compariso [..]
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