Captions that can only appear with the use of a decoder. The decoder may be either attached to a TV or built into TV’s made after July 1993. Closed captioning allows caption users to enjoy the same broadcast and recorded video materials that other television viewers enjoy. Closed-caption information is carried in Line 21 of the vertical blanking in [..]

Captions that are visible without using a set-top decoder or a TV with a built-in decoder. When a video is open-captioned, the captions are permanently part of the picture.

The process of inserting the caption data into the television signal on Line 21.

A device that electronically inserts the caption data into the TV signal on Line 21

The television signal is comprised of 525 lines. The vertical blanking interval encompasses Line 1 through 21. The caption information resides on Line 21, and active video starts on Line 22.

Any duplication created from the master videotape. The captioned videotape is a submaster of the original.

Permanent on-screen text that represents the narration and dialogue of a program. Subtitles are created with a character generator; no decoding capability is required for viewing them. Subtitles are usually in upper- and lower-case letters and do not appear in a black background. Also, subtitles are typically placed at the bottom center of the scre [..]

The process of revising previously captioned programs for rebroadcast, requiring the retiming and/or editing of caption text to synchronize it to the edited video and audio.