The following is a list of medical and technical terms and their definitions as used throughout this site.

A common virus that causes colds and sore throats. A defective adenovirus (one that cannot grow or cause adenovirus infections in humans) is sometimes used as a vector in HIV vaccines.

A substance that may be included in a vaccine to improve the body’s ability to fight disease or infection.

An infection-fighting protein molecule in the blood or secretory fluids that tag, destroy, or neutralize bacteria, viruses, or other harmful toxins. Antibodies, known generally as immunoglobulins, are made and secreted by B lymphocytes in response to stimulation by antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen.

protection provided by antibodies (as opposed to cellular immunity) Also known as “humoral immunity.”

a foreign substance (such as a virus) that enters the body causes the body’s immune system to respond.

a disorder in which a person’s immune system attacks parts of his or her own body.

white blood cells that produce antibodies which are important to the body’s defense against foreign invaders.

protection provided by the cells of the body’s immune system (as opposed to humoral immunity).

a subtype or strain of HIV. Different HIV clades exist in various regions of the world.